BULLETIN o f t h e 

lltutirnuhi of #mrth Carolina 


Extension Department 


TRACK AND FIELD 
ATHLETICS 

FOR HIGH SCHOOLS 

WITH 

Constitution and By-Laws of the Inter-High School Athletic and Oratori¬ 
cal Association of South Carolina and Rules Governing the South Caro¬ 
lina High School Debating League and High School Girls’ Reading or 
Recitation Contest. 


Prepared by 
J. O. VAN METER 

Director Physical Education, University of South Carolina 


ISSUED MONTHLY 
BY THE UNIVERSITY 


No. 92 

November, 1920 


COLUMBIA, s. c. 

Second-Glass Mail Matter 


















2008 


461876 






QVst'Z 

.Vi 

CONTENTS 


PAGE 

Directory. 4 

Introduction. 5 

Rules for Officials, Competitors, and Implements. 7 

Sprinting Events— 

The Hundred Yard Dash. 9 

The Two Hundred and Twenty Yard Dash. 13 

The Four Hundred and Forty Yard Dash. 13 

Running Events— 

The Half Mile Run. 14 

Jumping Events— 

The Hundred and Twenty Yard Low Hurdles. 16 

The Running Broad Jump. 18 

The Running High Jump. 20 

The Pole Vault..... 23 

Weight Events— 

The Shot Put.. 26 

The Discus Throw . 28 

South Carolina Interscholastic Records.. 32 

Constitution. 33 

Oratorical Association. 38 

High School Girls' Reading or Recitation Contest. 40 

Rules Governing the South Carolina High School De¬ 
bating League. 41 




















DIRECTORY 


University of South Carolina 

Committee on High School Athletics 

J. 0. Van Meter, Chairman. 

J. B. Coleman, Secretary. 

Reed Smith. 

L. T. Baker. 

Sol Metzger. 

Geo. E. Olsen. 

R. W. Wade. 

Tatum Gressett. 

Officials of the Inter-High School Athletic and 
Oratorical Association of South Carolina. 

W. C. Taylor, Westminister, S. C., President. 

W. D. Roberts, Dillon, 1st. Vice-Pres. 

Davis Jeffries, Union, 2nd. Vice-Pres. 

M. E. Brockman, Greenville, Secretary. 

J. 0. Van Meter, Executive Committee , University 
of South Carolina. 

Henry C. Davis, Executive Committee , University of 
South Carolina. 

Twelfth Annual Meeting 

Place—University of South Carolina, Columbia. 
Time—April 21-22, 1921. 



INTRODUCTION. 


The University extends a cordial invitation to all the 
high schools of the state to participate in the contests of 
the Inter-High School Athletic and Oratorical Association 
of South Carolina. The participants will be entertained 
on the campus during the contests. 

The first four annual meetings beginning in 1910 con¬ 
sisted only of track events. In 1914 the Association in¬ 
troduced oratorical contests. Recognizing the rapid de¬ 
velopments in baseball, basketball and football among the 
high schools the Association, at a meeting in December, 
1916, decided to include these sports in its organization. 
At the same time the offer was accepted by which the 
championship games should be held on the University 
grounds. 

The University, thru its athletic advisory board, as¬ 
sumes responsibility for the entire conduct of the final 
game between the two teams contending for state cham¬ 
pionship. 

This bulletin of suggestions and instructions is intend¬ 
ed not only for the benefit of schools expecting to compete 
in the state athletic events, but also to stimulate interest 
in these activities among the schools generally. This 
issue contains the constitution of the association together 
with instructions for track and field events. 

The University, in order to further the development of 
athletics among the schools of the state, will aid by corre¬ 
spondence, or send representatives to assist, individual 
schools and county organizations in the conduct of con¬ 
tests. Those wishing to take advantage of this offer 
should communicate with the Director of Physical Edu¬ 
cation. Schools intending to enter the annual track and 
oratorical contest should apply at an early date to the 
Secretary, Prof. M. E. Brockman, Chester, S. C. 


















RULES FOR OFFICIALS, COMPETITORS AND 
IMPLEMENTS 


Officials. 


All track meets shall be under 
Referee 

Two or more Inspectors 
Four or more Judges at Finish 
Field Judge 
Three Timekeepers 


the direction of: 
Starter 

Clerk of the Course 

Scorer 

Marshal 

Official Announcer 


The Referee shall enforce all the rules and decisions, 
and shall decide all questions relating to the conduct of 
the meeting, the final settlement of which is not otherwise 
assigned by the rules. 

It shall be the duty of the Inspector to stand at such 
point as the Referee may designate; to watch the com¬ 
petition closely, and, in case of a foul or violation of the 
rules by a competitor or other person, to report to the 
Referees but he shall have no power to make any decision. 

There shall be four or more Judges at Finish, who shall 
decide the order in which the competitors finished in the 
competition. In case of a disagreement, the majority 
shall decide. Their decision as to the order in which the 
men finish shall be final and without appeal. 

The Field Judge shall see that all implements and equip¬ 
ment are in accordance with these rules and that the field 
events are conducted expeditiously. 

The Field Judge shall measure, judge and record each 
trial of each competitor in all games, whose record is 
of distance or height. His decision as to the perform¬ 
ance of each man shall be final and without appeal. 

Each of the three Timekeepers shall time every event. 
In case two of their watches agree and the third disagrees, 
the time marked by two shall be the official time. If all 
watches disagree, the time marked by the watch , giving 



8 


the middle time shall be the official time. Time shall be 
taken from the flash of the pistol. If for any reason only 
two watches record the time of the event, and they fail to 
agree, the longest time of the two shall be accepted as the 
official time. 

The Starter shall have entire control of the competitors 
at marks, and shall be the sole judge of facts as to 
whether or not any man had gone over his mark. All 
questions concerning the start shall be decided by the 
Starter. 

The Clerk of the Course shall be provided with the 
names and numbers of all entered competitors, and he 
shall notify them to appear at the starting line before the 
start in each event in which they are entered. 

The Scorer shall record the order in which each compe¬ 
titor finishes his event, together with the time furnished 
him by the timekeepers, and the height or distance fur¬ 
nished him by the Field Judge. He shall keep a tally of 
the laps made by each competitor in races covering more 
than one lap, and shall announce when the leading man 
enters the last lap. He shall control his assistants and 
assign to them such of his duties as he may deem proper. 

The Competitors. 

All competitors shall report to the Clerk of the Course 
immediately upon their arrival at the University Gymna¬ 
sium and shall be provided by that official with their 
proper numbers, which must be worn conspicuously by 
the competitors when competing and without which they 
shall not be allowed to start. 

Each competitor shall inform himself of the time of 
starting, and shall be promptly at the starting point of 
each competition in which he is entered and there report 
to the Clerk of the Course. 

Contestants in track and field events shall be required 
to wear trunks or breeches reaching within four inches of 
the knee, and the clothing must be clean and so designed 
and worn as not to make an indecent display of the com¬ 
petitor's person, and under no circumstance shall athletes 



9 


be allowed to dress or undress, except in the rooms or 
place provided for that purpose. 

A competitor in an event may use his own implement, 
provided the same complies with the specifications. No 
competitor shall be allowed to use the implements of 
another competitor without the special consent given by 
the owner of the implements. 

Any competitor who shall refuse to obey the directions 
of the Referee or other proper official, or who shall con¬ 
duct himself in a manner unbecoming a gentleman, or 
offensive to the officials, spectators, or competitors at any 
meet, may be disqualified by the Referee from further 
competition at the meeting. 

100-YARD DASH 
Equipment. 

In all championship races, at any distance under and 
including 300 yards, each competitor shall have a special 
course (at least three feet), properly marked and meas¬ 
ured whether the race be run on a straight path or around 
one or more curves. 

For the purpose of aiding the judges, but not as a finish 
line, there should be stretched across the track at the 
finishes four feet above the ground, a worsted string 
which shall not be held by the judges, but fastened to the 
finish post at either side, so as always to be at right angles 
to the course and parallel ground. 

Rules. 

1. All races shall be started by the report of a pistol, 
except that in time handicap races the word “Go” shall 
be used. 

2. When any part of the body of a competitor shall 
touch the ground in front of his mark before the starting 
signal is given, the trial shall be considered a false start. 

3. If, in the opinion of the Starter, a false start has 
been made, he can recall the competitors by a second 
pistol shot, and penalize the offender or offenders. 

4. For all races up to and including 125 yards, the 


10 


competitor shall be put back 1 yard for the first and 
another yard for the second attempt. In all cases the 
third false start shall disqualify the competitor from the 
event. 

5. The Starter shall also rule out of that event any 
competitor who attempts to advance himself from his 
mark, as prescribed in the official program, after the 
Starter has given the word to “get ready.” 

6. Each competitor shall keep in his respective position 
from start to finish in all races on straight away tracks. 

7. Any competitor wilfully jostling, or running across, 
or obstructing, another competitor so as to impede his 
progress, or competing to lose, or coaching another com¬ 
petitor, either in trial or final contest, shall forfeit his 
right to be in the competition and shall not be awarded 
any position or prize to which he would otherwise have 
been entitled. 

8. No competitor, after leaving the track, shall be 
allowed to rejoin a race either for the purpose of gaining 
a place or to pace or to assist another competitor. 

9. When, in any but the final heat of a race, a claim of 
foul or interference is made, the Referee shall have the 
power to disqualify the competitor who was at fault, if he 
considers the foul intentional or due to culpable careless¬ 
ness, and shall also have the power to allow the hindered 
competitor to start in the next round of heats, just as if 
he had been placed in his trial. • 

10. When, in a final heat, a claim of foul or inter¬ 
ference is made, the Referee shall have the power to dis¬ 
qualify the competitor who is at fault, if he considers the 
foul intentional or due to culpable carelessness, and he 
shall also have the power to order a new race between 
such of the competitors as he thinks entitled to such 
privilege. 

11. The finish line shall be a line on the ground drawn 
across the track from finish post to finish post, and the 
men shall be judged winners in the order in which any 
part of their bodies (i. e., “torso/’ as distinguished from 
the head, arms, feet, or hands) crosses such line. 


v 


11 


12. No competitor shall be considered to have finished 
unless his entire body shall have crossed the finish line. 

Technique. 

THE START — 

After the runner has drawn his lane from the Clerk of 
the Course, he should prepare for the start by digging his 
starting holes. Do not use the spikes on the shoes for 
this. Dig the holes parallel with the starting line as this 
gives a firmer basis for the feet. At the Starter’s com¬ 
mand, “on your mark,’’ the runner kneels with his feet 
in the starting holes and his hands on the line. At the 
command, “get set’’ he raises the rear knee from the 
ground and throws the weight of the body forward on the 
arms and the advanced leg. The hands should be on the 
line slightly wider apart than the shoulders. The head 
should not be raised so high as to be in a strained or 
unnatural position. The back should be level and not 
bowed up. The hips are in a line with the shoulders. The 
lower part of the rear leg, from the knee to the ankle, 
should be from six to eight inches from the line. The 
knee of the rear leg is at the instep of the front foot. The 
weight is carried altogether on the arms and the advanced 
leg. The runner takes a deep breath and puts himself on 
a nervous tension for the report of the pistol. Never try 
to beat the “gun’’ or outguess the Starter. 

THE STRIDE— 

The stride should be of full length, but not so long that 
the foot will have to be jerked back several inches before 
it strikes the ground. The knees should be raiser high in 
front and not allowed to wobble with the weight of the 
body. The foot should be brought straight forward at 
the finish of the stride and not kicked up behind. The 
toes should be kept straight forward and not turned out¬ 
ward or inward. The weight of the body is caught on 
the ball of the foot forward and the finish of the stride is 
off the very point of the toes. The hands and elbows are 
swung low and not permitted to get too far out from the 


12 


body. The run should be in the middle of the lane, and 
not swerving- from side to side. 

THE FINISH— 

The last ten or fifteen yards should be a concentration 
of maximum effort to breast the tape. Just at the instant 
of coming in contact with the tape, the arms should be 
raised above the height of the tape and the chest projected 
as far as possible, without causing the runner to fall, in 
order to gain every additional inch. Do not try to stop 
short after the finish. 

Training. 

Sprinters are born not made. Speed seems to be a 
quality that is inherited rather than developed. It is 
impossible to say which type of athlete is going to excel 
in sprinting. He may be short and stocky or tall and 
rangy. It is a matter tho for the coach to decide which 
of his squad have natural speed. A few trial races will 
soon show this conclusively. Running is the most natural 
form of exercise and correct form in the sprints will be 
more easily acquired than in some of the other events, as 
jumping and throwing. 

At the beginning of the season more attention should 
be given to quick starting. There should be twelve or 
fifteen starts, running out fifteen or twenty yards, each 
day. Finish up with a fifty or sixty yard run at fair 
speed. In training for form and speed in early season, a 
fifty yard trial in addition to a dozen starts is not too much 
for the average high school boy. As the day of compe¬ 
tition draws near there should be more endurance work. 
The sprinters should be put thru the entire distance two 
or three times a week. Stress should be put on holding 
the form in the last half of the race and the finish. If 
some of the runners are faster than the others, the slower 
ones ought to be given a handicap so as to make every one 
in the race exert himself. The “timer” should be held on 
the trial race every Saturday, to get a record of the im¬ 
provement of each week. The runners should be trained 


13 


to start with the “gun,” and not with the voice. A cap 
pistol will be found an inexpensive substitute. Never 
start a race or make a violent exertion until the muscles 
have been warmed up by jogging up and down a few 
times. 

220-YARD DASH. 

(See 100-Yard Dash) 

Rules. 

The rules in this event are the same as those in the 100- 
ard Dash with the following difference: 

The penalty for a false start shall be 2 yards for the 
first and 2 yards for the second with disqualification for 
the third attempt. 

Technique. 

(See 100-Yard Dash) 

Training. 

The training in the 220-yard race is similar to that in 
the 100, but there must be more endurance work. As the 
same runner is often used for both the 100 and 220 it is 
important to alternate from day to day with speed and 
endurance work. The training for the 100 will serve to 
develop the required speed. The 220 should be run thru 
a couple of times each week, with an occasional 440 to 
give the muscular endurance necessary to sustain a good 
form in stride for the last half of the race. 

440-YARD DASH. 

This race is generally run on a circular track. The 
inside edge, or “pole,” should be clearly marked. The 
distance is to be measured upon a line 12 inches outward 
from the inner edge of the track. 

RULES 

(See the rules in the 100-Yard Dash, with the following 
additions:) 

The direction of the run shall be left hand inside. 


14 


The penalty for a false start shall be 3 yards for the 
first and 3 for the second with disqualification for the 
third attempt. 

On races with tracks of one or more turns, one competi¬ 
tor shall not cross in front of another until he is two yards 
in advance of his nearest competitior. 

Technique 

(See 100-Yard Dash.) 

TRAINING 

The quarter mile run is, perhaps, the hardest race on 
the track program. It is more of a sprint than a run. 
The important thing in this race is to train the runner 
to hold a fast even pace thru the entire distance. Consid¬ 
erable atttention should be given to training, to accustom 
the runner to run the first and last half of the race in ap¬ 
proximately the same time. The finish in this race is 
very important. If the muscles “tie up” or grow numb, 
at the end, it will ruin the final spurt. To develop a strong 
finish, the quarter miler should practice running 300 
yards just within his limit and then finishing at top speed. 
This will enable him to develop the spurt on the last part 
of the race. An accasional mile at fair speed is good for 
the required endurance for the quarter. As this is a very 
trying race, the runner should not push himself to the 
limit more than twice a week. 

HALF MILE RUN. 

(See 440-Yard Dash.) 

RULES 

(See rules for the 100-Yard Dash and 440-Yard Dash, 
with the following addition.) 

The penalty for the false start shall*be 4 yards for the 
first and 4 yards for the second, with disqualification for 
the third attempt. 


15 


Technique 

The start in the half mile run is a standing one, as 
there is no necessity for getting away with such speed as 
is required in the shorter distances. 

The stride is different from that of the sprints. The 
knees are not brought as high in front. The whole body 
should be relaxed so as not to cause any undue expendi¬ 
ture of muscular energy. The step should be an elastic 
spring of the ball of the foot. The arms should be swung 
freely backward and forward to assist in the stride. The 
breathing should be deep, rhythmic, and thru the mouth, 
to insure a plentiful supply of oxygen to the lungs. 

TRAINING 

The longer in distance the race, the longer in time must 
be the training. No young athlete should try to fit him¬ 
self for the half or the mile race without at least six 
weeks’ preliminary training. The best form of early sea¬ 
son training is cross country or distance running. This is 
the very best way of developing the heart, lungs, and 
muscles for the demands of the coming season of track 
work. The first requisite for the miler is to be able to 
guage the pace so that he will not be deceived by a false 
one. Each runner should discover the pace best suited to 
his build and endurance. The first quarter should be run 
five or six seconds faster than the second. The high 
school half-miler who does the distance in 2:10 should 
make the first quarter in about 62 seconds and the second 
in 68. It is of the greatest importance that the half-miler 
be able to judge his pace so as to get the very last bit of 
speed and endurance into the full distance. The weekly 
schedule, after the season is well on, should include a 
couple of fast quarters, for speed; the mile, on two days, 
for endurance; and two or three half miles, for the pace. 


16 


120-YARD HURDLE RACE. 

Equipment 

The running lines should be four feet wide, clearly 
marked, and run in a straight line.. 

There should be ten hurdles to the line. 

A hurdle shall consist of two wood uprights, or stand¬ 
ards, supporting a rectangular wood frame or gate. The 
hurdle may be adjustable in height, but shall be rigidly 
fastened at the required height for each event. The 
extreme width of the gate shall be not less than four feet. 
The extreme length of base for the uprights shall be not 
less than 10.685 inches. 

The total weight for the hurdle shall not be less than 
15.3 pounds. 


RULES 

1. In the 120 yard hurdle race, each hurdle shall be 2 
feet 6 inches high. They shall be placed 10 yards apart, 
with the first hurdle 15 yards distant from the starting 
point, and the last hurdle 15 yards before the finishing 
line. 

2. In making record, it shall be necessary for the com¬ 
petitor to jump over every hurdle in its proper position, 
and no record shall be allowed unless all the hurdles, re¬ 
main standing after the competitor clears them. 

3. A competitor knocking down three or more hurdles, 
or any portion of three or more hurdles, in a race shall be 
disqualified. A competitor who runs around or trails his 
leg or foot alongside any hurdle shall be disqualified. 

4. In all championship hurdle races, each competitor 
shall have separate hurdle and a separate course marked 
out and measured independently, whether races are run 
straightaway or with turns. 

Technique. 

The start in the hurdle is the same as that in the 100- 
Yard Dash. The hurdler takes seven strides to the first 


17 


hurdle. If he finds that this brings him to the hurdle on 
the wrong foot, he can, by reversing his feet in the start¬ 
ing position, correct this. There should be three strides 
between hurdles. If the hurdler takes a short step it 
might be necessary to take off the right and left foot 
alternately. It is hardly possible to do good time by tak¬ 
ing five steps between hurdles, as this chops the stride 
too much. 

In the stride over the hurdle, the hurdler has several 
things to remember. He should take off six feet before 
the hurdle and land six or seven feet beyond. He should 
not stay in the air any longer than he has to, as he loses 
speed while in the air. He should stay as low as possible, 
skimming close to the hurdle—the best men in this event 
miss the hurdle a bare inch. His body should be kept 
straight ahead and not twisted around. His arms spread 
for balance as he clears the hurdle. The rear leg is not 
allowed to trail behind, in the old way, but must be 
brought forward and be ready for another stride the 
instant the advanced foot strikes. The knee must be 
raised high to the side and the toe turned out to keep from 
striking the hurdle. 

Training. 

The early season work should be on the sward to keep 
the hurdlers from getting sore skins. Let the practice 
be confined to starting and the first hurdle, until the form 
is acquired, then add one hurdle at a time. Be sure the 
hurdles are the correct distance apart. Let the hurdler 
count “one, two, three, jump” between each of the 
hurdles, until the cadence of the race becomes instinctive. 
Five or six starts, taking the first two hurdles, together 
with a fast pace over half of the hurdles, should be 
enough for a day's work. Do not cover the entire dis¬ 
tance more than two or three times a week. All the men 
who have done fast time in this event have been tall of 
stature and exceptionally good sprinters. 


18 


THE RUNNING BROAD JUMP. 

Equipment. 

A cleared lane three feet in width and at least thirty 
yards in length, smooth and free from obstruction, should 
be provided as a run-way. The jumping-pit should be 
fifteen feet from the near edge of the take-off board, and 
should be filled up to the level of the take-off board with 
soft dirt, saw dust, or similar material. 

The take-off board shall be made of wood. The board 
shall measure not more than four feet long, eight feet 
wideband four inches high. It should be painted white, 

RULES. 

1. The length of the run is unlimited. Each competi¬ 
tor shall be allowed three jumps, and the five best shall 
be allowed three more jumps. Each competitor shall be 
credited with the best of all his jumps. 

2. When jumped on earth, the take-off shall be from a 
joist sunk flush with the ground, the outer edge of which 
shall be called the scratch line. In front of the scratch 
fine, over a width of 8.94 inches, the ground shall be 
sprinkled with soft earth or sand to make it slightly 
higher than the take-off joist. The measurement of the 
jump shall be made at right angles from the scratch line, 
or scratch line extended, to the nearest break in the 
ground made by any part of the body of the competitor. 

3. If any competitor swerves aside at the take-off line, 
or line extended, or touches the ground in front of the 
take-off joist with any part of his foot, such jump shall 
not be measured, but it shall be counted against the com¬ 
petitor as one jump. 

4. A line shall be drawn six feet in front of the scratch 
line, to be known as the balk line; and stepping, or falling 
over such line, or such line extended, in any attempt, shall 
be counted as a “balk,” and two successive balks shall be 
counted as a trial jump. 

5. The rules for the Running High Jump shall govern, 
where applicable. 



Technique . 


THE RUN— 

The most important part of the broad jump is the run. 
This should not be over twenty-seven yards in length. It 
should be divided up into three parts and clearly marked 
by paper, handkerchiefs, or something which can be easily 
seen by the runner. This is the only way to insure the 
fact that the stride will bring the jumper to the take-off 
on the correct foot. The first mark should be at about 
twenty-seven yards, the second at about seventeen yards, 
and the third at about seven yards. The first part of the 
run is at fair speed. When the jumping foot hits the 
seventeen yard mark-the run is changed to full speed. If 
the jumping foot hits the seven yard mark, the take-off 
will be just right and the remaining seven yards are given 
to getting the balance for the take-off rather than adding 
to the speed. The distances are approximate ones, but a 
little experimenting will give the jumper the exact loca¬ 
tion of his marks. 

THE TAKE OFF— 

In the last stride the heel strikes the board and the 
toes should be projected just over the edge, to give a good 
hold for the powerful final spring. 

the jump— 

The most important thing in the jump itself is the ele¬ 
vation. This should be just as high as the jumper can 
make it. As the jumper 1-eaves the board the free leg and 
the arms are swung forcibly upward to give a lift to the 
body. The legs work back and forth as if the jumper 
were running in the air. Just before landing the knees 
are brought up to the chest, and the body thrown for¬ 
ward to keep from falling backward and thus fouling 
after the feet strike the ground. 


20 


Training. 

Speed is the necessary quality for broad jumping. 
Snrinters make the best jumpers. 

The first thing a broad jumper has to learn is to get 
his stride; so that he will strike the take-off board right. 
Until this is learned, by experimenting with marks, it is 
useless to practice anything else. After this has been 
acquired, the jumper should devote his attention to get¬ 
ting height in the jump. This is developed best by mak¬ 
ing the jumper clear a bar held over the landing pit. 
Practice with this will be found to add a couple of feet to 
any beginner's distance. 

RUNNING HIGH JUMP. 

Equipment. 

Any style or kind of uprights or posts may be used. 

The cross bar shall be entirely of wood, not more than 
one inch square in section, and of a uniform thickness 
thruout. The ends of the crossbar shall project no more 
than six inches beyond the pegs. 

The pegs supporting the cross bar shall extend horizon¬ 
tally not more than three inches from the face of the 
uprights and shall be without notches or indentations of 
any kind. The pegs shall be round, of a uniform thick¬ 
ness thruout, and not more than a half inch in diameter. 

There should be a landing pit twelve feet square filled 
with sawdust, shavings, soft dirt, or similar material. 

RULES. 

1. The Field Judge shall decide the height at which 
the jump shall commence, and shall regulate the succeed¬ 
ing elevations. 

2. Three jumps are allowed at each height, and a fail¬ 
ure at the third attempt shall disqualify. 

3. A competitor may commence at any height above 
the minimum height. 

4. At each successive height, each competitor shall 
take one trial in his proper turn; then those failing, if 


21 


any, shall have their second trial jump in like order, after 
which those having failed twice shall make their third 
trial jump. 

5. A competitor may decline to jump at any height in 
his turn, but by so doing, forfeits his right to jump again 
at the height declined. 

6. The jump shall be made over a bar resting on pegs 
projecting from the uprights, and when this bar is re¬ 
moved from its place the jump shall be counted as a trial. 
Neither diving nor sumersaulting over the bar shall be 
permitted. 

7. A line shall be drawn three feet in front of the bar 
and parallel therewith, to be known as a balk line, and 
stepping over such line, in any attempt, shall be counted 
as a balk, and two successive balks shall be counted as a 
trial jump. 

8. As soon as a competitor makes a spring in order 
to jump, this shall be counted as a trial jump. 

9. The distance of the run before the jump shall be 
unlimited. 

10. All measurements shall be made perpendicularly 
from the ground to the upper side of the bar where it is 
lowest. 

11. The employment of weights or grips of any kind 
is forbidden. 

12. A competitor may place a mark for his take-off in 
running broad or running high jump. 

13. The uprights shall not be moved during the com¬ 
petition. 

14. The uprights shall be at least 12 feet apart. 

15. The take-off ground about the jump must be level. 

Technique 

the run— 

The run is made straight toward the bar, with a small 
curve at the end, or straight from an angle. It should not 
be over twenty-four to thirty feet, or about eight strides, 
in length. The speed is increased gradually up to the 
last three strides, when all the power possible is exerted. 


22 


During the approach, the body should be under full con¬ 
trol and bent slightly forward. The last step should not 
be too long or it will destroy the power in the take-off. 
The spring should start with the heel on the ground, and 
off the toes. A marker should be placed to denote the 
exact location of the take-off. 

the jump— 

There are two styles of jumping that are most popular 
in the United States at the present time. One is called 
the “Sweeny” and the other the “Horine,” each being 
named after the chief performer. 

In the “Sweeny,” or old style, if the approach is from 
the left, the take-off is from the right foot. The left leg 
is swung forcibly upward as in a high kick. The right 
leg, after the spring from the ground, is brought close to 
the left and bent at the knee. As the body goes over the 
bar the hips should be jerked up and the head lowered 
until they are about on a level. It is impossible to clear 
any height until this lay out is learned. With the body 
directly over the bar, the right shoulder and arm are 
turned down and back, the right leg is thrust out, and 
the legs reverse in a scissors kick; so that the jumper 
lands in the pit facing the direction of the take-off. 

The “Horine,” which is the style that holds the record 
at the present time, is very different from the other. The 
run is from the side. The outside leg is swung up first. 
The inside arm crosses the bar downward. This lays the 
body out parallel over the bar, with both the inside arm 
and leg downward. The under leg is bent at the knee as 
the body goes over the bar. Just as the body is turning 
over the bar, the outside leg is kicked backward and the 
inside leg is brought forward. The jump has the appear¬ 
ance of a roll over the bar. The finish is made on the 
take-off foot. 

Training. 

The position assumed in the high jump is opposed to the 
natural instinct of self preservation. The ability to lie 


23 


out in the air almost six feet from the ground with noth¬ 
ing for support, is not easily acquired. The correct form 
in the high jump is artificial and, therefore, hard to de¬ 
velop. The young candidate should never practice the 
old sitting up jump with the scissors kick over the bar, 
which comes most natural to beginners. The bar has to 
be set at about five feet before the correct form can be 
practiced, as it is almost impossible to turn the body in 
the air at a lower height than this. Have someone stand¬ 
ing near, to criticise ,and practice the form until you have 
mastered it. Of all events, this is the one where form is 
a prime requisite. High jumpers frequently “go stale,” 
so one should not train too hard close to a competition. 
It takes an endless amount of practice in the beginning, 
to acquire the form; but once this is developed a half 
dozen jumps a day will keep the jumper in condition. 

POLE VAULT. 

Equipment. 

The runaway should be the same as, or similar to, the 
one described in the Running Broad Jump. 

The same regulations apply to the standards, cross-bar, 
landing pit and pegs as given in the Running High Jump. 

The pole shall be made of wood or bamboo and may be 
of any length or diameter. It shall have no assisting 
devices, except as provided for, but may be wound or 
wrapped with adhesive tape. The wrapping must be of 
uniform thickness. The lower end of the pole may termi¬ 
nate in a single metal spike or wooden plug.. 

RULES. 

1. The height of the bar at the starting and at each 
successive elevation shall be determined by the Field 
Judge. 

2. Each competitor shall be allowed three jumps at 
each height; and the competitor who fails at the third 
attempt shall be disqualified. 

3. A competitor may commence at any height above 


24 


the minimum height. He must, however, jump at every 
following height until he has forfeited his right to com¬ 
pete further. 

4. The vault shall be made over a bar resting on 
pegs. 

5. As soon as a competitor has left the ground for the 
purpose of making a jump, the jump is counted as a trial. 

6. A line shall be drawn 15 feet in front of the bar and 
parallel therewith ,to be known as the balk line, and step¬ 
ping over such a line, or such line extended, in any at¬ 
tempt, shall be counted as a balk, and two successive 
balks shall be counted as a trial jump. 

7. Any competitor shall be allowed to dig a hole not 
more than one foot in diameter at the take-off, in which 
to plant his pole. 

8. A competitor must not, in the moment that he 
makes a jump, or after leaving the ground, place his 
lower hand above the upper one or move the upper hand 
higher bn the pole. 

9. Poles may have a binding, but must not have any 
further support for the hands. 

10. If the uprights are moved, they should not be 
moved more than two feet in any direction, and not more 
than one hole may be made by a competitor. The take-off 
ground about the jump shall be level. 

11. The uprights shall be at least twelve feet apart. 

12. All measurements shall be made perpendicularly 
from the ground to the upper side of the bar where it is 
lowest. 

13. In the pole vault, if in making a trial the compe¬ 
titor’s pole is broken, the attempt shall not count as a 
trial. 

Note:—If the uprights are moved, the Field Judges 
shall make a remeasurement; because if there is any 
inequality in the ground at all, changing the uprights 
may make a difference varying from one inch to a quarter 
of an inch, and a competitor should not be allowed to 
obtain an advantage in this way. 


25 


Technique. 

HOLDING THE POLE— 

The best poles are of bamboo, and are wrapped with 
tape. To get the position of the hands on the pole, stand 
it in the hole in which the vaulters “spike.” It should 
be held upright, and when it is perpendicular, it should 
be midway between the standards, within four to six 
inches of the cross-bar. Place the upper hand on the 
pole about six inches below the level of the cross-bar. 

The take-off is marked at a point directly under the 
position of the upper hand, the point of the pole being in 
the hole, and the position the hands straight arms over 
head. Twenty-seven yards back is the position of the 
start of the run. 

During the run the lower hand holds the pole about 
thirty inches from the other. The upper hand has the 
palm forward and the lower, backward. The point of the 
pole is elevated slightly and held straight ahead. The 
body is not twisted around but held forward. The run is 
the same as in the running broad jump. The first ten 
yards are at a fair clip to catch the stride; the next ten at 
full speed, and the last seven, altho at full speed, are run 
easily to make sure of the take-off. (See the description 
in the Broad Jump.) 

THE VAULT— 

At the end of the run the point of the pole is thrust 
into the hole. The hands are raised overhead. The lower 
hand is slid into the upper one. The arms remain 
straight while the body and legs swing close beside the 
pole. The legs and body at first assume an L-shape, and 
then as the pole nears a perpendicular position, the legs 
and body form a V. When the feet are almost touch¬ 
ing the bar, and not before, the arms give a powerful pull. 
The feet are shot upward over the bar. The hips are 
thrown up, and at the same time the body is rolled over 
in the air; so that it is face downward, the arms and 


26 


upper body are thrown up and backward. The vaulter 
should light in the pit face downward. 

Training. 

The most successful men in this event have been short 
ones with strong arms and shoulders, and possessed of a 
good degree of speed. This is more of a gymnastic feat 
than an athletic event. The candidate should mix in 
with his training, for form, special gymnastic exercises, 
such as “chinning the bar,” walking on the hands, swing¬ 
ing on the rings, etc. This will develop the strength 
needed in the arms and trunk. Four times a week is 
enough work at the vault. The other two days should be 
given over to sprinting and special gymnastic exercises. 

THE SHOT PUT. 

Equipment. 

The shot shall be metal, and spherical in shape. It shall 
weigh not less than twelve pounds. 

There shall be a circle, and it shall measure not more 
than seven feet inside diameter, 4 feet of whose cir¬ 
cumference shall be a toe board 4 inches in height. 

RULES. 

1. The shot shall be put from the shoulder with one 
hand only, and it must never be brought behind the 
shoulders. 

2. In the middle of the circumference of the circle, at 
the front half thereof, shall be placed a stop board, firmly 
fastened to the ground. In making his puts, the feet of 
the competitor may rest against, but not on top of, this 
board. 

3. A fair put shall be one in which one part of the per¬ 
son of the competitor touches any part of the stop board, 
the top of the circle, or the ground outside of the circle. 

4. The measure of each put shall be taken at the circlg, 
from the nearest mark made by the fall of the shot, to the 
circumference of the circle, on the line from such mark 


27 


made by the shot to the center of the circle. 

5. Four puts and letting go the shot in making an at¬ 
tempt shall be counted as a trial without result. It shall 
also be a foul, if the competitor steps on the circle, or 
leaves the circle before his throw has been marked. 

6. Each competitor shall have three trial puts, and 
the best five shall have three more. Each competitor shall 
be credited with the best of all his puts. 

Technique 

POSITION— 

The putter stands at the rear half of the circle, facing 
the right, his left shoulder being forward. His right foot 
is parallel to and touching the rear of the circle. The 
entire weight is upon the right leg, which is bent at the 
knee to throw the weight of the body as far to the rear as 
possible. The left toe touches the ground lightly forward, 
being raised and lowered to secure an acute balance. The 
shot is held against the base of the neck. The elbow is 
directly under the shot and not out too far. The weight 
of the shot rests at the base of the fingers, not of the 
hand. The wrist is 'flexed backward. The left arm is 
held forward and obliquely upward. The body is bent 
slightly forward at the wrist. 

THE HOP— 

When a perfect balance has been obtained, the left foot 
is swung about twelve inches to the rear of the right foot, 
then raised suddenly and forcibly forward and upward. 
Simultaneously with the sweep of the left leg, a hop is 
made from the right leg, which lands the putter on both 
feet in the front half of the circle. The hop across the 
circle should be fast and low. The putter should land 
with his feet about sixteen inches apart, both knees bent, 
weight on both legs, body well back and left shoulder 
still advanced. 

THE REVERSE— 

The next move is a vigorous spring forward. The 


28 


shoulder and arm thrust the shot away before the rear 
foot has left the ground. The hand should follow the 
shot as far as possible. If the spring from the legs is 
made with a turn, the right foot strikes against the for¬ 
ward part of the circle, or exactly opposite to the way 
in which it was started. 

Remember that speed and form count for as much as 
strength in this event. From the instant that the hop 
across the circle is started to the finish of the reverse, 
there is no break or relaxation, but one continuous move 
at as high speed as can be made. The glide across the 
circle is low and swift, and the reverse is started imme¬ 
diately the feet touch the ground. The shot is put high. 
It is important to get plenty of altitude and not let the 
arc that the shot describes in its flight be too low. 

Training. 

The men best suited for this work are the heavy muscu¬ 
lar type. Often when a man is too slow for the sprints, 
or too heavy for jumping, he can be made into a first class 
weight thrower. 

The putter should practice the different parts separate¬ 
ly until he has acquired the form in each, then combine 
them. He should work without a shot at first, until he 
has perfected his form. Never train with a heavier shot 
than the one which will be used in competition. 

This is one event that it does not hurt to train for every 
day. The athletic preparing for a contest should make a 
number of practice puts daily. 

THE DISCUS THROW. 

Equipment. 

The discus should be composed of a metal rim, perma¬ 
nently attached to a wood body, brass plates set flush into 
the sides of the wood body, and in the exact center of the 
discus, a means for securing the correct weight. The 
brass plates shall be circular in form. Each side of the 
discus shall be a counterpart of the other side, and shall 


29 


have no indentations, projecting points, or sharp edges. 
The sides shall taper from the rim to the center of the 
discus. The weight of the discus shall be not less than 2 
pounds, 3.27 ounces. 

There shall be a circle which shall measure 7 feet in 
diameter. 

RULES. 

1. All throws, to be valid, must fall within a ninety 
degree sector marked on the ground. 

2\ It shall be a foul throw if the competitor, after he 
has stepped into the circle and started to make his throw, 
touches with any part of his body or clothing the ground 
outside of the circle before the discus strikes the ground. 
It shall also be a foul if the competitor steps on the circle. 
Touching the inside of the circle shall not be a foul. 

3. The measurement of each throw shall be made from 
the nearest mark made by the fall of the discus to the 
circumference of the circle on a line from such mark 
made by the discus to the center of the circle. 

4. Each competitor shall have three trial throws, and 
the best five shall have three more. Each competitor shall 
be credited with the best of all his throws. 

Technique 


PRIMARY POSITION— 

The thrower stands in the rear of the circle with both 
heels touching the inside of the rim and feet slightly 
apart. He faces forward. The discus is held in the right 
hand, with palm turned down and fingers spread apart. 
The last joints of the fingers are hooked over the edge 
of the discus. The weight of the discus is allowed to rest 
on the upturned left hand, just above the left shoulder. 
The right arm is bent at the elbow. The body is relaxed. 
The preliminary swing is then begun by swinging the 
discus as far backward and upward as the arm can go. 
The body bends forward and to the right. The weight is 
shifted to the right leg, while the left knee bends slightly. 


30 


This permits a full swing of the arm backward. The 
momentum keeps the discus from falling *from the hand. 
This swing is repeated several times to insure the balance 
and momentum necessary for the turn. 

THE TURN— 

When the arm reaches its limit in the backward swing 
the thrower steps forward with his left foot and makes 
a quick turn to the left. The feet are kept close to the 
ground in this turn. The knees are bent and the legs 
spread apart. The turn should not be a hop. The thrower 
is gaining ground forward at the same time that he is 
turning around. Immediately the right foot strikes the 
ground at the completion of the turn, the reverse is 
started. 

THE REVERSE— 

The thrower has been gradually increasing his speed 
until the finish of the turn finds him at his climax. The 
maximum amount of energy is then put into the final 
effort. The left side is forward, the arm and shoulder are 
well back. The arm and shoulder are swung forcibly for¬ 
ward, the legs are straightened and quickly reversed. 
The left comes backward, and the right goes forward 
against the circle to keep the thrower in the ring. 

The whole turn and reverse should be one unbroken 
sequence of action. The speed should be gradually in- 
crased from start to finish. The arm should not dip in 
the final heave, but should be swung in a regular plane. 
Remember that the larger the arc that the discus describes 
in the turn and tke greater the velocity the further the 
throw. The first finger is the one that controls the flight 
of the discus and imparts the final rotation to its sailing. 

Training. 

The candidates for the discus throw should be of rangy 
build and have long muscles. It takes a great deal of 
patience and practice to gain the required skill for this 


31 


event. Master the details by experience first. Don't 
throw for distance until the form has been acquired. 
There should be plenty of practice every day for the 
novice at first. This can be reduced as the art is de¬ 
veloped. 


32 


SOUTH CAROLINA INTERSCHOLASTIC RECORDS. 


Time. 

100-yard dash—Thomas of Liberty, Mann of Six- 


Mile, D. Stackhouse of Clio. 10 2-5 

220-yard dash—W. M. Huestess, Clio; Earle 

Laurey, Porter Military Academy. 23 

120-yard dash, low hurdles—Adrian McManus, 

Greenville . 15.3 

440-yard dash—Carl Crane of Liberty, Wm. Poole 

of Greenville .' 55 2-5 

Half-mile—DeLorme, Sumter .2 min. 11 3-5 

Running Broad Jump—Wade Stockhouse, Clio; 

Carl Crane, Liberty. 21.1 

Running High Jump—R. F. Gibson, Porter Mili¬ 
tary Academy. 6 ft. 1 

Pole Vaule—Wm. Poole, Greenville. 10 ft. 9 

Shot Put—Odell of Pickens. 42 ft. 1 

Discus Throw—Arthur Hall of Pendleton.153 ft. 4 













33 


CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS 


Inter-High School Athletic and Oratorical Association of 
South Carolina 


Article I.— Name . 

The name of this organization shall be “The Inter-High 
School Athletic and Oratorical Association of South Caro¬ 
lina.” 


ATHLETICS 
Article II.— Object. 

The object of this Association shall be to bring the High 
Schools of the State in closer touch, stimulate an interest 
in, and purify, athletics in the High Schools of South 
Carolina. 


Article III.— Officers. 

Section 1. The officers of this Association shall be a 
President, three Vice Presidents, a Secretary-Treasurer, 
and an Executive Committee composed of six men, four 
of whom shall be representatives from High Schools and 
two from Colleges of the State (one to be from the Uni¬ 
versity of South Carolina.) The five officers named above 
are included in the six. 

Sec. 2. The officers shall be elected each year by the 
principals of the schools composing the Association, each 
school having one vote. The annual meeting is to be held 
at the same time as the track meet. 

Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the President to preside 
at the annual meeting of the Association and also at the 
meeting of the Executive Committee and look after the 
affairs of the Association as he may find it necessary. 

Sec. 4. The First Vice President shall assume the 
duties of the President in his absence. 





34 


Sec. 5. The Secretary-Treasurer shall keep a record of 
all meetings of the Association and of the Executive Com¬ 
mittee. He shall have charge of the funds of the Asso¬ 
ciation and shall make a detailed report of all moneys 
collected and paid out by the Association. 

Sec. 6. The duties of the Executive Committee shall 
be similar to those of a Games Committee under A. A. U. 
They shall hear any protests and shall impose and enforce 
any penalties for violation of the Constitution of the As¬ 
sociation. They shall send to each school at least two 
months before the track meet a set of rules governing the 
meet. 


Article IV.— Membership. 

Section 1. Any High School in the State with two or 
more High School years shall be eligible to membership 
in the Association. Application for membership shall be 
made to the Secretary and voted on by the Association 
either in their annual meeting or by mail. No school 
shall be admitted later than thirty days before any annual 
track meet. All schools are required to enter both 
branches of the Association in order to be eligible for 
either. 


Article V. — Eligibility. 

Section 1. No student shall have received any com¬ 
pensation for his services from the school which he rep¬ 
resents or other source and in all respects he must con¬ 
form to the A. A. U. amateur rules. 

Sec. 2. To be eligible for football a student must ma¬ 
triculate not later than twenty days after the beginning 
of the session: for baseball and track work, not later than 
February 1st. 

Sec. 3. No student who has passed his twenty-first 
birthday shall be eligible to enter any of these contests. 

Sec. 4. No student who fails to make the required 
average for promotion in his school shall be eligible to 


35 


compete in any of these contests. Such average must be 
made on at least four high school studies. 

Sec. 5. No student who has received his high school 
diploma shall be eligible to enter any of these contests. 

Sec. 6. No student who has matriculated in any col¬ 
lege is eligible to enter any of these contests. 

Article VI.— Fees. 

Each school shall pay upon entering a matriculation 
fee of $1.50 and each individual contestant shall pay each 
year fifty cents, the same to be sent to the Treasurer not 
later than ten days before the contest. 

Article VII.— Suspension. 

Failure to send the required fee within the required 
time shall debar the school from participation in the meet. 
If for other than a valid reason a school is not repre¬ 
sented at any contest it loses its membership in the Asso¬ 
ciation, upon vote of two-thirds of the Executive Commit¬ 
tee of the Association. The power to suspend either in¬ 
dividual or school shall be vested in the Executive Com¬ 
mittee. 

Article VIII .—Time and Place of Contests. 

The time of meeting shall be as near the last Friday in 
April as the Executive Committee shall find it possible to 
hold the meet. The place shall be in Columbia, unless 
otherwise decided by the Executive Committee. The pre¬ 
liminaries and semi-finals shall be held in the morning and 
the finals in the afternoon. 

Article IX.— Entries. 

Each school in the Association may send to the track 
meet not more than five men and may enter only two in 
each event. A list of the representatives must be for¬ 
warded to the Secretary not later than ten days before the 
meet comes off. The age, the time of matriculation, and 


36 


the average of scholarship must be sent with the names. 


Article X. — Order of Events. 


1 . 

100-Yard Dash 

6. 

Pole Vaule 

2. 

Running High Jump 

7. 

120-Yard Low Hurdle 

3. 

Half-Mile Run 

8. 

Running Broad Jump 

4. 

Discus (Youth Discus) 

9. 

440-Yard Run 

5. 

220-Yard Dash 

10, 

Shot Put (12 lbs.) 


Article XI .—Awarding Trophy Cup. 

Section 1. A Trophy Cup shall be awarded to the 
school scoring a plurality of points. 

Sec. 2. In case of a tie in any event, the points shall 
be divided and a medal given to each contestant. 

Sec. 3. In case of a tie for the cup in any meet, each 
school shall be awarded a cup. All disputes referring to 
the cup shall be submitted to the Executive Committee 
for settlement. 

Sec. 4. First place shall count five points, second place 
three, and third place one. 

Article XII .—Judges and Referee. 

The Secretary and the President of the Association 
shall make necessary arrangements for the meet. They 
shall select a referee and assistants who shall be in charge 
of the meet, none of whom shall be a student or a teacher 
in any of the schools represented. 

Article XIII.—Gate Receipts. 

A general admission of twenty-five cents, fifteen cents 
for ladies and students, shall be charged, the receipts 
from which shall be used in defraying the expenses of the 
meet and the remainder divided among 1 the schools in pro¬ 
portion to the number of “man—miles” traveled. 

Article XIV.— Medals. 

A medal shall be offered for first place and ribbons for 


37 

second place and third place, the same to be provided 
from the fees paid by the schools. 

Article XV. — Official Rules. 

All contests among members of this association shall 
be governed by the A. A. U. amateur rules. 

Article XVI. — Change in Constitution. 

A vote of two-thirds of the principals is necessary to 
change the constitution. A quorum for transacting busi¬ 
ness shall be one more than half the members of the asso¬ 
ciation or their proxies. 


38 


ORATORICAL ASSOCIATION. 


Article I. — Purpose. 

The purpose shall be the improvement in public speak¬ 
ing in the high schools of the State, and the creating of 
friendly rivalry between the schools. 

Article ll.—Officers. 

The same officers shall serve for both Athletic and 
Oratorical organizations. 

Article III.— Eligibility. 

The same rules for eligibility shall hold for the oratori¬ 
cal contest as for the track meet. (Article V.) 

Article IV.— Rules. 

1. Each school shall have one representative in both 
athletic and oratorical contest. 

2. Original orations shall not be required. No' oration 
shall be more than twelve minutes in length. 

3. The name of the speaker, the subject of his oration, 
the minutes in length, and a fee of fifty cents, shall be 
forwarded to the secretary not less than ten days prior 
to the contest. Should two contestants have the same 
selection, they shall be put in different trials in the pre¬ 
liminaries. 

4. The three judges shall be nominated by the Execu¬ 
tive Committee and notified by the secretary. Several al¬ 
ternate's shall be chosen each time. 

5. A gold medal shall be given for the first and second 
places respectively, and if possible a trophy cup shall be 
awarded to the winning school. 

6. Manner of delivery shall count ninety per cent, and 
selection, ten. 


t 



39 

7. The order of speakers shall be decided by the 
Executive Committee. 

8. The contest shall be held each year on Thursday 
evening before the track meet. A preliminary contest 
shall be held at 4:30 p. m. to cut the number down to 
eight. The place shall be Columbia. The auditorium is 
to be selected by the Secretary and President. 


40 


HIGH SCHOOL GIRLS’ READING OR RECITATION 
CONTEST. 


The contestants will be entertained by the University 
of South Carolina. 

The preliminaries will be held on the afternoon of 
Thursday, April 21, 1921, and the final contest in one 
of the auditoriums of the University the same night. 

Any school that is a member, or may become a member, 
of this association is entitled to a representative in this 
contest upon payment of the same fee as for representa¬ 
tives in the boys’ events. 

The age and academic regulations of the constitution 
for boys shall apply to girls entering this contest. 

No school shall be represented in this contest unless 
represented in the boys’ athletic and oratorical events; 
however, it may have representatives in the other two 
without being entered in this. 

No reading shall require more than 12 minutes for de¬ 
livery. 

The judges shall render their dicision, taking into con¬ 
sideration the nature of the selection as well as the man¬ 
ner of presentation. 



41 


RULES GOVERNING THE SOUTH CAROLINA HIGH 
SCHOOL DEBATING LEAGUE 


1. The Debating Council of the University of South 
Carolina shall select the query to be discussed by the 
schools entering the league. 

2. The extension department of the University shall 
fix the dates for the various contests. 

3. All secondary schools of South Carolina, classified 

as high schools by the State high school inspector, shall be 
eligible for membership in the league. 

4. All schools wishing to enter the contest must notify 
the Extension Department of the University not later than 
noon of March 15th, 1921. 

5. Each school entering the league shall agree to fur¬ 
nish two debating teams of two members each, the one to 
uphold the affirmative side of the query and the other to 
defend the negative. 

6. The members of the debating teams must all be 
bona fide students of the schools which they represent. To 
be bona fide students they must be in attendance at the 
time of the debate, and they must have been in attendance 
for at least thirty per cent, of the school year up to and 
including the date of the debate, and must have made 
passing grades on a majority of their subjects. No stu¬ 
dent who has passed his twenty-first birthday will be al¬ 
lowed to compete. The principal of each school will be 
required to furnish the Extension Department of the Uni¬ 
versity with a signal statement to the effect that students 
represening his school are bona fide pupils under the 
above definition, this statement to be filed at least three 
days before the first preliminary. 

7. The schools themselves shall select and agree upon 
the judges for the debates, the principals of the schools 



42 


making the selections thru correspondence or consultation. 

8. The Extension Department of the University and 
the State high school inspector shall group the schools 
in all contests. 

9. For purposes of this debate the State shall be di¬ 
vided into three sections or districts, as follows: 

District No. 1.—Abbeville, Anderson, Cherokee, Ches¬ 
ter, Fairfield, Greenville, Greenwood, Laurens, McCor¬ 
mick, Newberry, Oconee, Pickens, Spartanburg, Union 
and York. 

District No. 2.—Chesterfield, Clarendon, Darlington, 
'•Dillon, Florence, Georgetown, Horry, Kershaw, Lancas¬ 
ter, Lee Marion, Marlboro, Richland, Sumter and Wil¬ 
liamsburg, 

District No. 3. — Aiken, Bamberg, Barnwell, Beaufort, 
Berkeley, Calhoun, Charleston, Colleton, Dorchester, 
Edgefield, Hampton, Jasper, Lexington, Orangeburg and 
Saluda. 

10. Only schools whose teams win on both sides of the 
discussion shall be entered in later contests for final 
honors. The defeat of one or both of its teams means the 
elimination of a school as a contestant. The Extension 
Department of the University shall so match teams suc¬ 
cessful in the preliminary debates as to determine the 
best affirmative and the best negative teams of each of the 
three districts. 

11. The best affirmative and best negative team of 
eaeh district shall be considered eligible for entrance in 
the final contest which will be held at the University of 

South Carolina on the day before the annual high 
school track meet. 

12. In the event that the number of teams entering in 
any county or district shall make it impracticable to group 
the schools in triangles in every instance, the Extension 
Department shall have authority to make other groupings 
as necessity requires. 


43 


13. The three best affirmative teams and the three best 
negative teams of the three districts of the State shall 
come to Columbia for the final contest. These teams shall 
be so grouped in contests at the University as to deter¬ 
mine the one best affirmative and the one best negative. 

14. The best affirmative and the best negative of the 
State shall meet in final contest for the Manning cup. 
This debate will be held publicly in the University chapel. 
The school which shall win the debate shall have its name 
inscribed on the cup, together with the names of its win¬ 
ning representatives. 

15. Any school which sjiall win the final contest for 
two consecutive years shall have permanent possession of 
the trophy. 

16. All high school representatives and principals 
coming to the University for the final contest will be en¬ 
tertained as guests of the University. 

17. All expenses, except those for entertainment of 
teams and principals while in Columbia, shall be borne by 
the respective schools. 


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